Although the traffic law enforcement agencies around the world have made great efforts to increase the law enforcement and punishment of drunk driving behaviors, in the past ten years, these passive law enforcement effects are not satisfactory, and there are still a large number of drinking and driving behaviors. , and most of these behaviors were not detected by the police and corrected in time. Therefore, relevant governments and research institutions have gradually focused their attention on technical means—installing and using devices to prevent drinking and driving in cars, taking the initiative to prevent problems before they occur, so that drunk drivers cannot drive vehicles. At present, automobile manufacturers are working on detecting whether a driver is drinking and driving through a combination of various technologies, which is the mainstream trend of today’s research.
One of the development trends of alcohol detection technology at home and abroad: the development of vehicle-mounted alcohol detection technology and detection devices
In the past five years, the DADSS driver alcohol monitoring safety system program initiated by the American automobile manufacturer Automobile Safety Alliance (ACTS in which GM, Volkswagen, Toyota, BMW, Mercedes-Benz and other companies participated) has proposed and trial-produced many advanced test prototype technologies. The focus is on the development of finger press detection technology and non-contact breath detection technology.
(1) Finger press detection technology. Similar to a fingerprint reader, the finger presses the car start button (integrated with alcohol detector) or electronic key in the car to achieve synchronous detection operation to ensure that the driver cannot start the car when drunk, but this technology cannot continuously monitor after vehicle starting, It is impossible to continuously monitor the real state of the driver anytime, anywhere. The German Volvo company has developed a drinking and driving locking device (Alcoguard), which uses advanced fuel cell technology to analyze the driver’s exhaled gas, and transmits the analysis results to the vehicle electronic control system through wireless signals. The engine will not start when the result is higher than 20mg/100ml; Saab SABB has developed an alcohol breath detection device, Alcokey, which is embedded in the car key, the driver needs to blow on the device and pass the test before starting the engine.
(2) Non-contact breath detection technology highly integrated with the vehicle
Through multiple detectors arranged in the facilities around the driver (such as steering wheel, instrument panel, seat headrest and shift lever), the gas exhaled or bodily fluids secreted by the driver can be continuously acquired in real time under the natural state to determine if the driver is drinking. For example, the drink-driving prevention device developed by Toyota, sweat and skin sensor are embedded in the steering wheel of the car to detect the alcohol content in the driver’s sweat or detect the alcohol content through the skin pores; some car companies use detection device on the seat or steering wheel to detect the alcohol content. The device collects the driver’s pulse, and video device detects the driver’s facial expressions and eye movements to determine whether the driver is excessively drunk. Some research institutes in China have applied for the patent of the vehicle-mounted drink-driving prevention device and have carried out the development of the vehicle-mounted alcohol detection device system. However, since China has not issued relevant product standards, it is impossible to carry out product testing and certification, and the legality of the vehicle-mounted drink-driving prevention product is not licensed. The lack of national policy and legal protection has resulted in low public acceptance and difficulty in the promotion and application of related products. According to reports, in 2010, Beijing, Nanjing and other cities has installed alcohol locks on thousands of city and passenger buses.
The second development trend of alcohol detection technology at home and abroad: the development of portable non-contact alcohol detection technology
In the on-site traffic law enforcement work, some drivers often do not cooperate with the police to conduct breath alcohol testing and sampling. Some drivers put forward that the reason for refusing is that blowing with their mouths is unsanitary, and some drivers pretend to blow or intentionally leak air to cause sampling. Insufficient, or attempts to delay waiting for the alcohol level to drop to meet the test standard. Faced with these uncooperative drivers, police can only spend hours tirelessly persuading drivers to take breath alcohol tests. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of law enforcement, law enforcement agencies generally hope to use non-contact alcohol detectors that are more convenient and do not require breath to replace the current breath alcohol detectors. New Mexico, USA has developed a skin blood vessel alcohol detector, which irradiates infrared light on human skin, and quickly calculates the alcohol content according to the degree of reflected infrared light. Instrument is much more convenient. The non-contact infrared breath alcohol developed and funded by the Swedish Road Administration is designed to measure the alcohol concentration of the person exhaled from a distance of 10cm-15cm. A Russian company has developed a laser alcohol detector, which automatically detects the alcohol content in the air in the car through the windshield of the car by emitting a special laser. Compared with the current breath alcohol detector, the main advantages of the non-contact alcohol detector are: it does not contact the skin and mouth of the person involved, reducing the spread of disease; it does not require the active participation of the person involved; it improves the efficiency of detection work, reduces the number of on-site police forces, and eliminates the current alcohol consumption. Randomness of post-driving spot checks.
The development of alcohol detection technology in the future will definitely improve the efficiency of detection, and also help to eliminate the randomness of drinking and driving spot checks, thereby preventing drink-driving.
