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Transportation officials recommend all new cars have alcohol detection systems

A new car comes with all kinds of advanced technology, and the list could soon add alcohol detection. A touch of your finger or just breathing may be the difference between your car letting you drive or not, taking in your blood alcohol level to see if you’ve been drinking. “This technology has been available for a long time, and it wasn’t put in cars,” said Alex Otte, the national president of Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD). On Tuesday, the National Transportation Safety Board recommended all new cars have alcohol detection systems to help prevent drunk driving crashes. That could have made a difference in Otte’s life. “The man who ran me over had many prior DUI offenses on the roadway. Having this technology in his vehicle may have made it so number one, he could never drive his car drunk,” said Otte, who explained that she was injured in a boating crash where the boater was impaired. Otte said MADD has waited years for momentum, and she said she feels grateful. “Honestly, you know, this is something that we have been working so hard for and so many victims and survivors have advocated for this and talked about this,” said Otte. MADD advocates, victims’ families and crash survivors convinced Congress to take action last year through the infrastructure law. It requires the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to make automakers install monitoring systems within three years. “So something like this actually has the potential to even bring awareness to someone who might not think they’re drunk but are really over the legal limit,” said Melissa Valido, coalition leader of the Florida Teen Safe Driving Coalition.   It could prevent life-changing moments for people hit by drunk drivers. “I haven’t been affected myself, but I have had two of my aunts were in drunk driving-related crashes. One was very severely injured and had to be in the hospital for a couple of weeks,” said Ellen Snelling, chair of the Tampa Alcohol Coalition. But, the NHSTA still has to make a move, choosing which technologies to use and developing a standard for new cars. “I don’t know how much it would cost to get this in every single car, but I think it would be well worth it,” said Snelling. NTSB said the detection system would be passive, so drivers wouldn’t have to do anything. The goal would be for the alcohol detection system to limit or prevent impaired driving. “We’re not going to know how many people could be prevented from doing something foolish behind the wheel until something like this is enacted,” said Valido. The NHTSA has three years to come up with rules to be in all new cars by 2027. It’s also possible the agency can ask for an extension. It will take years for the technology to grow in high numbers with the sales of new cars and be present in most of the millions of cars on the roads.

Don't Drink And Drive

An investigationinto a California crash that killed nine – including seven children – has led the National Transportation Safety Board to call for alcohol impairment detection systems to be included in all new vehicles, according to new recommendations released Tuesday. The crash, on New Year’s Day 2021 in Avenal, California, was caused by an impaired driver who was speeding, the NTSB found. ​“Technology could’ve prevented this heartbreaking crash — just as it can prevent the tens of thousands of fatalities from impaired-driving and speeding-related crashes we see in the U.S. annually,” said NTSB Chair Jennifer Homendy. “We need to implement the technologies we have right here, right now to save lives.”​ As a result of the investigation, the NTSB is recommendin​g measures leveraging new in-vehicle technologies that can limit or prohibit impaired drivers from operating their vehicles as well as technologies to prevent speeding. These include: Requiring passive vehicle-integrated alcohol impairment detection systems, advanced driver monitoring systems or a combination of the two that would be capable of preventing or limiting vehicle operation if it detects driver impairment by alcohol. The NTSB recommends that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration require all new vehicles to be equipped with such systems. ​Incentivizing vehicle manufacturers and consumers to adopt intelligent speed adaptation systems that would prevent speed-related crashes. This is a reiteration of a previous NTSB recommendation to NHTSA. “We have to remember that technology is only part of the solution. To save lives on our roads, we need to look more broadly at the entire transportation system, which includes everything that can prevent a crash,” said Homendy, a strong supporter of the comprehensive Safe System Approach to reducing roadway deaths. On Friday, Jan. 1, 2021, a sport utility vehicle was traveling south on State Route 33 near Avenal, Calif. Meanwhile, a pickup truck — occupied by a driver and seven passengers, ranging in age from 6 to 15 years old — was traveling north on State Route 33. The SUV had traveled less than 3,000 feet on SR-33, during which it accelerated to a speed between 88 and 98 mph, when it ran off the shoulder to the right. The driver overcorrected to the left and the SUV crossed the centerline into the other lane, directly in front of the oncoming pickup truck. The SUV and pickup truck collided head-on and the truck immediately caught fire. The SUV driver and all eight pickup truck occupants died. NTSB investigators found that the SUV driver had a high level of alcohol intoxication and was operating at an excessive speed. These factors contributed to a loss of vehicle control. The excessive speed of the SUV also prevented the oncoming pickup truck from having enough time to take evasive action. The NTSB determined that it is unlikely this crash was survivable due to the severity of the head-on collision, the significant vehicle intrusion and the rapid spread of the post-crash fire. Driving under the influence of alcohol remains a leading cause of injury-involved highway crashes. Since 2000, more than 230,000 people have lost their lives in crashes involving alcohol-impaired drivers according to NHTSA. In 2020, an estimated 11,654 fatalities occurred in alcohol-impaired crashes. This number represented about 30 percent of all traffic fatalities that year and a 14% increase over the 10,196 individuals who died because of alcohol impaired crashes in 2019. Speeding is also a problem that research suggests is worsening. In 2020, there were 11,258 fatalities in crashes in which at least one driver was speeding, according to NHTSA. Speeding increases both the chances of being involved in a crash and the severity of crash injuries. The issues of impaired driving and excessive speeding are both on the NTSB’s Most Wanted List of Transportation Safety Improvements. To prevent alcohol and other drug-impaired driving crashes, the NTSB has called for in-vehicle alcohol detection technology, the lowering of the blood alcohol concentration limit to .05 g/dL or lower, alcohol ignition-interlock devices for people convicted of driving while intoxicated and recommended that regulators develop a standard of practice to improve drug toxicology testing. The NTSB has also called for a comprehensive strategy to eliminate speeding-related crashes that combines traditional measures like enforcement and regulation with new technological advances like speed limiters and intelligent speed adaptation technology.

What You Need to Know About Alcohol Testers Unit

Why do you need an alcohol tester According to statistics, about 50% of car accidents in the world are related to drinking. If you want to increase the punishment for drinking and driving, the first thing to solve is how to efficiently measure the alcohol content of the human body. This is why the alcohol tester was invented. s reason. How the alcohol tester works? In fact, the most accurate way to measure a person’s body alcohol level is to check the blood alcohol level in his body, but it requires specific medical conditions and takes a long time. The alcohol tester solves this problem. Its principle is based on measuring the alcohol content in a person’s breath to determine whether it is drunk driving. Because a large number of statistical research results show that people exhale with moderate force for more than three seconds after deep inhalation, and the exhaled air at this time is the air that comes out of the deep lungs. The blood alcohol concentration of the human body and the breath alcohol concentration have a relatively fixed conversion relationship. 1. The commonly used units of Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) are: 1. )mg/100ml 2. ) g/100ml is equivalent to % g/ml, simplified to % 3. ) mg/ml is equivalent to ‰g/ml, simplified to ‰ 2. The commonly used units of breath alcohol concentration (Breath Alcohol Concentration=BrAC) are: 1. ) mg/L 2. )ug/100ml 3. Conversion relationship between blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) 1. ) conversion formula: BAC (in mg/L) = BrAC (in mg/L) * k 2. ) The conversion factor k in the formula: my country adopts 2200, the United States adopts 2000, and most European countries and Taiwan adopt 2100. Various common unit conversionswhen k=200 1 Unit-? Mg/100ml g/100ml or % mg/ml or ‰ mg/L Ug/100ml   1mg/100ml 1 0.001 0.01 1/220 1/2.2 1g/100ml or1% 1000 1 10 1/0.22 1/0.0022 1mg/ml or ‰ 100 0.1 1 1/0.2 1/0.022 1mg/l 220 0.22 2.2 1 100 1ug/100ml 2.2 0.0022 0.22 0.01 1 when k=2000 1 Unit-? mg/100mL g/100ml or% mg/ml or ‰     mg/L Ug/100ml 1mg/100ml 1 0.001 0.01 0.005 0.5 1g/100ml or1% 1000 1 10 5 500 1mg/ml or ‰ 100 0.1 1 0.5 50 mg/L 200 0.2 2 1 100 1ug/100ml 2 0.002 0.02 0.01 1 Standard breath alcohol tester technical indicators Working conditions: Temperature: the upper and lower limits of the working temperature range from 0°C to 40°C Humidity: The upper and lower limits of the working humidity range from 20%RH to 90%RH Atmospheric pressure: 86kpa~106kpa There is no gas or electromagnetic field around that will affect the normal operation of the instrument Determination indicators of alcohol tester Indication error, it is required to meet the following requirements in the whole working range: Range /(mg/L) Error <0.200 ±0.025/L 0.200~0.400 ±0.040mg/L 0.400~1.1000 ±10% Repeatability refers to the repeated detection of the same gas source under the same conditions, and the displayed value can be within the error range. It is an indicator of the stability of the instrument’s measurement value. The repeatability of the indicated value should meet the requirements of the following table: Range/(mg/L) Repeatability <0.400 ±0.006mg/L 0.100~1.1000 ±1.5% The anti-interference ability refers to the sensitivity of the alcohol tester to the gas. The ideal alcohol tester should only respond to alcohol and not to other gases.

Working Principle and Types of Alcohol Testers

Working Principle of Alcohol Tester The alcohol tests currently used by police basically use the same principle, that is, there is a proportional relationship between the alcohol concentration in the breath and the blood alcohol concentration. When a person drinks, the alcohol is absorbed, but not digested, and part of the alcohol volatilizes, passes through the alveoli, and is exhaled again by the person. It has been determined that the ratio of the alcohol concentration in the breath to the blood alcohol concentration is 2100:1, that is to say, the alcohol contained in every 2100ml of breath and the alcohol contained in 1ml of blood are equal in quantity. . Through this ratio, the traffic police can quickly calculate the blood alcohol content of the subject by measuring the driver’s breath. Without the “help” of the alcohol tester, the police can only determine whether the driver has drunk through a blood test or a urine test, but this inspection will take 1-2 days. Theee Main Types of Alcohol Tester Although the principles of the test are the same, different types of testers have completely different methods for how to quantify the amount of alcohol in the breath. At present, the commonly used alcohol testers on the market can be roughly divided into three categories according to different testing methods. Breathalyzer is a tester that uses chemical reagents to measure the alcohol concentration in exhaled breath. In 1954, a police officer in Indiana, Robert Berkenstein, invented the Breathalyzer, which became the world’s first alcohol test tool. To this day, it remains the most frequently used alcohol tester in the world. In addition to the components that a normal tester has, the Breathalyzer also comes with two glass bottles containing chemical mixtures. When the subject’s breath passes through these glass bottles, if the gas contains alcohol, the mixture in the bottle will change from orange to green, and the resistance generated by the chemical reaction will also cause the needle to move, accurately marking the alcohol in the breath. The concentration of blood alcohol is converted into blood alcohol concentration by the microcomputer. The other two testers are the Intoxilyzer and the Alcosensor III or IV. The former determines the alcohol content by the degree to which alcohol molecules absorb infrared light; the latter uses a fuel cell with positive and negative electrodes to complete the test. The electrodes are made of platinum metal, and when alcohol-laden gas enters the fuel cell, it reacts with the platinum, producing an electrical current that generates a reading.  

Research Status of Alcohol Tester in China and Abroad

Although the traffic law enforcement agencies around the world have made great efforts to increase the law enforcement and punishment of drunk driving behaviors, in the past ten years, these passive law enforcement effects are not satisfactory, and there are still a large number of drinking and driving behaviors. , and most of these behaviors were not detected by the police and corrected in time. Therefore, relevant governments and research institutions have gradually focused their attention on technical means—installing and using devices to prevent drinking and driving in cars, taking the initiative to prevent problems before they occur, so that drunk drivers cannot drive vehicles. At present, automobile manufacturers are working on detecting whether a driver is drinking and driving through a combination of various technologies, which is the mainstream trend of today’s research.   One of the development trends of alcohol detection technology at home and abroad: the development of vehicle-mounted alcohol detection technology and detection devices In the past five years, the DADSS driver alcohol monitoring safety system program initiated by the American automobile manufacturer Automobile Safety Alliance (ACTS in which GM, Volkswagen, Toyota, BMW, Mercedes-Benz and other companies participated) has proposed and trial-produced many advanced test prototype technologies. The focus is on the development of finger press detection technology and non-contact breath detection technology.   (1) Finger press detection technology. Similar to a fingerprint reader, the finger presses the car start button (integrated with alcohol detector) or electronic key in the car to achieve synchronous detection operation to ensure that the driver cannot start the car when drunk, but this technology cannot continuously monitor after vehicle starting, It is impossible to continuously monitor the real state of the driver anytime, anywhere. The German Volvo company has developed a drinking and driving locking device (Alcoguard), which uses advanced fuel cell technology to analyze the driver’s exhaled gas, and transmits the analysis results to the vehicle electronic control system through wireless signals. The engine will not start when the result is higher than 20mg/100ml; Saab SABB has developed an alcohol breath detection device, Alcokey, which is embedded in the car key, the driver needs to blow on the device and pass the test before starting the engine. (2) Non-contact breath detection technology highly integrated with the vehicle Through multiple detectors arranged in the facilities around the driver (such as steering wheel, instrument panel, seat headrest and shift lever), the gas exhaled or bodily fluids secreted by the driver can be continuously acquired in real time under the natural state to determine if the driver is drinking. For example, the drink-driving prevention device developed by Toyota, sweat and skin sensor are embedded in the steering wheel of the car to detect the alcohol content in the driver’s sweat or detect the alcohol content through the skin pores; some car companies use detection device on the seat or steering wheel to detect the alcohol content. The device collects the driver’s pulse, and video device detects the driver’s facial expressions and eye movements to determine whether the driver is excessively drunk. Some research institutes in China have applied for the patent of the vehicle-mounted drink-driving prevention device and have carried out the development of the vehicle-mounted alcohol detection device system. However, since China has not issued relevant product standards, it is impossible to carry out product testing and certification, and the legality of the vehicle-mounted drink-driving prevention product is not licensed. The lack of national policy and legal protection has resulted in low public acceptance and difficulty in the promotion and application of related products. According to reports, in 2010, Beijing, Nanjing and other cities has installed alcohol locks on thousands of city and passenger buses.   The second development trend of alcohol detection technology at home and abroad: the development of portable non-contact alcohol detection technology In the on-site traffic law enforcement work, some drivers often do not cooperate with the police to conduct breath alcohol testing and sampling. Some drivers put forward that the reason for refusing is that blowing with their mouths is unsanitary, and some drivers pretend to blow or intentionally leak air to cause sampling. Insufficient, or attempts to delay waiting for the alcohol level to drop to meet the test standard. Faced with these uncooperative drivers, police can only spend hours tirelessly persuading drivers to take breath alcohol tests. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of law enforcement, law enforcement agencies generally hope to use non-contact alcohol detectors that are more convenient and do not require breath to replace the current breath alcohol detectors. New Mexico, USA has developed a skin blood vessel alcohol detector, which irradiates infrared light on human skin, and quickly calculates the alcohol content according to the degree of reflected infrared light. Instrument is much more convenient. The non-contact infrared breath alcohol developed and funded by the Swedish Road Administration is designed to measure the alcohol concentration of the person exhaled from a distance of 10cm-15cm. A Russian company has developed a laser alcohol detector, which automatically detects the alcohol content in the air in the car through the windshield of the car by emitting a special laser. Compared with the current breath alcohol detector, the main advantages of the non-contact alcohol detector are: it does not contact the skin and mouth of the person involved, reducing the spread of disease; it does not require the active participation of the person involved; it improves the efficiency of detection work, reduces the number of on-site police forces, and eliminates the current alcohol consumption. Randomness of post-driving spot checks. The development of alcohol detection technology in the future will definitely improve the efficiency of detection, and also help to eliminate the randomness of drinking and driving spot checks, thereby preventing drink-driving.    
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